The Importance of Research in Assessing Educational System Essay

The Importance of Research in Assessing Educational System - Essay Example Through this procedure, the order on the ability of the overseers to make the most potential ways accessible to reproduce a current arrangement of instructing for better learning strategies offered to the partners of the circumstance, the understudies. In addition, the examination procedures intended to improve the frameworks are noted to have extraordinary effect on the ways by which instructors apply the adequacy in the calling that they have assumed liability of. Training has and will consistently be a significant viewpoint in the general public. This thought is fundamentally evident in view of the way that it guarantees an individual awareness of other's expectations and it advances autonomy by preparing people in the general public significant information and abilities for them to endure and get existent to their motivation. As a rule viewpoint, instruction altogether advances the turn of events and further headway of the general public all in all by empowering the youngsters to get proficient people fit for improving the current way of life and culture of the general public. Hence, in like way, the demonstration and idea of instructing is in reality critical since it is one and the significant connection among training and the general public. Instructing in either private or open instructive establishments is constantly seen to be an incredible and good calling be that as it may, difficulties and issues likewise exist in this field. Actually, this creator additionally perceives the significance of the idea of instructing to the general public in view of its huge advantages it offers for the people looking for information and training. Mainstream instructing in the set up instructive establishments is commonly considered by this creator as a calling that is all around regarded and esteemed by the individuals . Be that as it may, numerous issues and issues are as yet should have been address and created to completely perceive the essentialness of this idea for the general public. The consistent change in the general public at that point characterizes the significance of ceaselessly building up the instructive frameworks that are available in the general public consequently expanding the ability of educating among the teachers of learning in help to the improvements that the human network takes into genuine thought. Conceivably, the significance of picking the correct exploration configuration to survey the network from their ability to affirm the required changes in instructing greatly affects the way of teaching the general public creation every educational program introductions rather thoroughly powerful for the students to get a handle on. Society has consistently been expanding and the populace and in like manner its number of understudies as a result of which, offices in the instructive establishments should likewise be extended to oblige the said increment. This creator accepts that each understudy has their own entitlement to guarantee and approach instruction along these lines they should be given a route for

Child Abuse Physical, Psychological, and Social Effects free essay sample

This paper takes a gander at the impacts of youngster misuse and disregard, how to peruse notice signs, and shield kids from abuse. This paper is about the impacts of youngster misuse and talks about different viewpoints in detail, just as examining potential causes. The creator takes a gander at how society needs to concentrate on notice signs, the conduct of manhandled kids, and the unique consideration that abused kids need. The paper gives close consideration to social, mental, and physical disarranges that influence mishandled youngsters. Kids from the ages of twelve to seventeen years old experience more than double the savage wrongdoing as grown-ups in America . Stunning instances of misuse and disregard have overflowed the media, which have caused incredible worry by open intrigue gatherings and government officials. The best concerns most have are the impacts these horrible wrongdoings have on our childhood. David Finkelhor, a humanist at the University of New Hampshire , accepts that we realize too minimal about kid misuse and what harm it might cause. We will compose a custom paper test on Kid Abuse: Physical, Psychological, and Social Effects or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page He fights that on the off chance that we better comprehended the impacts of kid exploitation, we would be progressively ready to distinguish and forestall it.

Vision and Hearing free essay sample

Proprioception resembles a third tangible methodology that provisions input to the exclusively on the status of the body inside, the initial two faculties being interoceptive and exteroceptive. The proprioceptive capacity that one has is the feeling that indicates whether the body is moving at the necessary exertion , just as other body parts are situated comparable to one another. The capacity to assess weight of an item, the power and time at which our muscles must be contracted are instances of our proprioceptive capacity. Instances of proprioceptors are muscle shafts additionally called stretch receptors and their related 1a axons. These receptors make up the physical tangible framework that is center around body sense or proprioception. The muscle axle comprises of a few kinds of speacialized skeletal muscle strands that are contained inside a stringy container. In the center locale of this sinewy container bunch 1a axons are folded over the muscle fiber on the shaft. We will compose a custom paper test on Vision and Hearing or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Gathering 1a axons are the quickest and biggest of the gathering 1 axons, which are additionally the thickest myelinated axons in the body. At the point when a weight is put on a muscle , the muscle protract and the muscle shafts are extended. The extending reasons for the shaft causes depolarization of the 1a axons endings, this is brought about by mechanosensitve particle channels. The 1a axons enter the enter the spinal string through the dorsal root, from here they branch more than once and afterward structure synapsese on both interneurons and alpha engine neurons of the ventral horns. The alpha engine neurons respond by expanding its activity potential recurrence, this at that point makes the muscle contract. The muscle shaft likewise contains intrafusal strands and get their engine innervation by an alternate kind of lower engine neuron called Gamma engine neurons. When the extrafusal muscle contracts it gets shorter, the intrafusal fiber additionally gets shorter, this implies the 1 axons become quiet and would no longer give data about muscle length. Anyway this is the place the gamma engine neurons become actuated at innervate the intrafusal muscle fiber at either end of the shaft. This causes withdrawal of the muscle axle, subsequently pulling on the noncontractile central area and keep the 1a axons dynamic. Another wellspring of proprioceptive contribution to the skeletal muscle is the golgi ligament organ, which screens muscle pressure or power of constriction. The golgi ligament organs are arranged in arrangement with the muscle fiber and axle and is situated at the intersection of the muscle. A unique element about this source is that it is innervated by 1b tactile axons, which are somewhat littler than 1a axons. The distinctive anatomical courses of action between the muscle fiber and the golgi ligament organ is the thing that recognizes the kind of data it gives. The 1a axons from the muscle axle offers muscle length data, the golgi ligament organ give muscle strain. The 1b axons enter the spinal rope, where they branch over and over and afterward neural connection on interneurons in the ventral horn. A portion of these interneurons associate with the alpha engine neurons which are inhibitory. This is typically called turn around myotatic reflex. There are sure factors that can impact our recognition and sensation, this incorporates, liquor, medications and nerve harm. These elements can upset the proprioceptive capacity by diminishing the input quality.

Strategic Analysis of Poundland Limited - 2750 Words

Strategic Analysis of Poundland Limited (Research Paper Sample) Content: Strategic Analysis of PoundlandNameInstitutionCourse code + dateInstructorIntroduction:Poundland Limited is a British Public Limited Company established in the year 1990 by Dave Dodd and Stephen Smith. The company is a variety store chain with several stores within the country. The company stores various products mainly kitchenware, household goods, healthcare and several other different commodities. The products get divided into 16 categories by Poundland, and most of them are named in terms of their brand name and clearance products. The company boasts of over 10,000 employees according to its 2013 audit. Poundland currently operates over 400 branches in the United Kingdom, and its headquarters are located in Willenhall and West Midlands (Poundland Official Website, 2015).The Poundland Company employs the price-point retailing strategy for all its operations. The company operates a continually revolving merchandise throughout all its stores. All these products get s old at the sole amount of just  £1. Poundland regards itself as one of the first companies to introduce the price-point retailing strategy in the entire European retail market. The company remains one of the largest single price discount retailers across the whole of Europe. The company serves over 4 million customers averagely per week. Their yearly revenue is past the  £900 million mark with an operating income of over  £30 per year (Annual Report, 2014).Overview and Analysis of Poundland LimitedPoundland mainly operates and competes in the retail business. The retail industry has faced a period of economic ups and downs within the last decade. However, Poundland has always posted positive results with a steady profit growth in the last few years. There was a significant slowdown in the retail industry throughout the world in 2009 during the global financial crisis. The slowdown affected Poundland, but the company has been able to turn around its fortunes and is currently among the best performing retail companies throughout the world. The company has a strong customer base comprised majorly by female shoppers. The company faces several competitors within the retail market in the UK with the main actors being Poundworld and 99p stores (Annual Report, 2014). These stores might not be as big as Poundland, but they offer a serious threat to the company with their prices reduced by a penny. Poundland Limited is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index.Poundland's Current Business StrategyThe company currently enjoys a substantial market share and regional brand recognition: The Company has set up several branches across the United Kingdom and is also a significant player in the Northern Ireland market. It has over 400 stores spread across this region. Poundland is the most recognized price-point retailer brand in the UK and is the largest price-point retailer in the entire European region (Kollewe, 2012) .The company applies a strategy of offering their products at a standard price of  £1. "Yes, Everything's  £1!" is their major catchphrase that attracts several shoppers. Such a strategy ensures the company attracts several customers who do not wish to spend more. Poundland has a strong market position as well as an enormous brand recognition throughout the market. These are the factors that have ensured Poundland has a strong competitive advantage over its competitors (Wallop, 2012). The company is also looking to grow and expand not just in the UK but in other regions. Plans are in place to purchase one of their major rivals, 99p this year (Paton, 2015).Poundland has continually realized significant economies of scale due to their efficient distribution channels and good working relationships with their suppliers.Poundland has always ensured high-quality products remain available in their stores. Despite their low prices, the company has earned a reputation among its customers for offering high-quality goods at lower prices. The high-quality products combined with low prices is a major attraction for most clients (Danziger et al., 2014). Most customers regard their products as the best value for their money. Such strategy has ensured most consumers prefer goods from Poundland as they are not only cheap but of high quality.Most of Poundlandà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s stores are situated in strategic places across the UK. The Company targets areas with high traffic and clear visibility to the public. They are visible in several downtown and suburban retail centers across the UK. They also target Business Offices and Campuses where there is high traffic of people. Other stores are situated in rural areas while others are located busy highways. Such a strategy has ensured the company maintains significant competence and advantage that enables it to enter prime markets. Their brand visibility also allows them to convince more customers to try their stores.Poundlan d stores are structured to appeal to the local community in which they serve. The stores get designed in an environmental friendly way, and they have a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"coolà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ factor attached to them to attract more customers. The interior decoration o0f the stores is made to portray a warm atmosphere, and there is great music in the background to entertain shoppers. These factors make shopping at Poundland an unforgettable experience for most customers (Jackson, 2008). The strategy ensures that each store gets designed in a way that relates to the local market thus making them uniquely beautiful.Poundland is well known for its friendly base of employees who are always ready to listen to the customers. The companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s workforce is the principal assets of the business and is highly valued. The employees receive high remuneration packages as well as several other benefits. The companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s effective management of its employees has ensured that they have a happy w orkforce, and thus they offer excellent service to the customers.Poundland Company has a huge customer base in the UK market. They have ensured the client base remains intact by providing loyalty-based programs to keep this customer base. They offer rewards to their loyal customers and also offer discount for most of their products. The Poundland Card is one of the initiatives that offers shoppers convenience as well as offer them chance to get rewards from the company (Jackson, 2008). Such a strategy ensures they keep their consumers while also attracting more.The company Poundland sells some of its products packed in customized Poundland logos. Such a strategy offers the company with the opportunity to further improve on their brand. The company now packages its products in several other sub-brands to increase their sales. Such a move has ensured the monetization of their sub-brands for future growth. The company is also able to repackage some products to make them more appealing to the consumers.Poundland has embraced new technology and is always adapting the technology. They have a mobile app that allows customers to access products being sold in their stores without setting foot in those shops. The company also uses advanced point of sale solution technology by Epson. This technology enables the company to track the products that customers prefer in their stores so as to inform their decision-making when it comes to ordering their stock (Danziger et al., 2014). Such strategies ensure smooth running of business operations by the company. They also help in ensuring all products are regularly available in their stores.The company Poundland is a significant brand image within the UK market. They could increase their brand visibility into other areas. Already, the company is thinking of adopting a new name for their expansion into Europe. The company hopes to use the name Dà ¢ALZ, which the management thinks would be more appealing to different customers acro ss the Eurozone.Analysis of Poundlandà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s Environment and how it has helped their strategyWe will carry out a SWOT analysis of Poundland as well as Porters Five Forces to be able to understand the environment that Poundland operates. Poundland was the first shop in the entire Europe region to adopt this strategy of price-point retailing. As such they were regarded as a pioneer in the industry. Most other competitors modeled their operations following Poundlandà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s strategy. The company remains the largest price-point retailer in the entire UK market (Bolton et al., 2010). The current business environment has affected Poundland either negatively or positively. This part will look at how Poundland has been able to use both these positive and negative effects of the business environment to its advantage.There has been increased government scrutiny in this industry within the last few years. Consumer rights group have also been monitoring this industry keenly as well as several other relevant bodies. The primary source of concern for these organizations is the notion that most of these price-point retailers offer misleading prices of their products to gullible customers. Some industry experts argue that most of these companies use unethical business practices to attract more customers. Poundland has been accused of such practices, but no evidence has been found to back up that claim and s no charges to the company. The company remains a top attraction for most shoppers who believe they offer fair prices for their products.The companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s operations get mainly concentrated in the United Kingdom market which may prove catastrophic in the future. The current business market in the UK is unpredictable, and there is no guarantee that Poundlandà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s success will remain in the long-haul. Most of Poundlandà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s revenue is from this market and so if anything goes wrong the company stands to ...

The Problem Of Global Warming - 1228 Words

What is a Social Problem? A social issue is defined as an area of conflict in a social setting that influences different people and is often out of reach of the control of an individual or local geographical authority (Weart 73). Some social problems, however, are not perceived universally as such, resulting in a difference in opinion between different groups. Other social issues are universally recognized as justifiable and, therefore, are addressed by everyone. Global warming is a social issue that traverses national borders, making it an international concern. It is a social problem because many diverse social groups from all over the globe have viewed it as a cause for concern (Weart 74). Nations have come together and tried to fight†¦show more content†¦The effect of these gases has derived its name from greenhouses because of the solar insulation capability they possess. Much like greenhouses, these gases are good absorbers of solar radiation. When solar radiation penetrates the layer of carbon dioxide existing in the air and reaches the earth’s surface, the rays are radiated back. Carbon dioxide insulates the reflected radiation from exiting the earth’s atmosphere (Archer 79). The result is a temperature increase in the earth’s atmosphere due to the concentration of radiation. The temperature increase in the atmosphere causes more evaporation from water bodies. Water vapor in the atmosphere rises, acting as another agent that entraps solar energy. The continued pile up of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is a threat to the global climatic balance. Because of this, it has received widespread scrutiny as the leading cause of climate change. Higher atmospheric temperatures affect the climatic zones and natural climatic cycles. Potentially life-threatening consequences occur when the temperature of the atmosphere changes by about a third of a degree Celsius every three years (Houghton 13). The rapid development and expansion of industries that are the main consumers of fossil fuels and coal is a serious concern to the problem of global warming. Measures to curb the growth of the social issue have not been stringently

Three Dimentional Printing - 1042 Words

3-D Printing Albert Einstein once said: â€Å"Anyone who has never made a mistake has never tried anything new.† Mankind is the most advance being on planet earth, since the beginning of our time we have been pushing the boundary of the impossible and redefining the very rule of reality itself. Things we use to see in cartoons and images in science fiction books are now becoming reality, so real that some of those futuristic technology are now part of our everyday lives, and this is only the beginning of the technological revolution. This century most unreal and controversial innovation is the 3-D printer; most people see 3 dimensional printing as way to make the world a better place. But like everything in the this world where there is good there is also evil, and with this technology in hand some other people see an opportunity to abuse the system and take advantage of the freedom to create whatever they can possibly think of to make the world worst than it already is. So is it true that some things are best left untampered†¦? Looking back on 3-D printing, it is a relatively new technology. Its only 27 years ago this technology was introduced to the world by the British engineer Charles Hull, the inventor of 3 dimensional printing. Ever since the invention of the technology, the progress and ingenuity that have been made by scientists all over the world to make 3-D printing more affordable and more portable. According to and article by T. Rowe Price, The first step made towardsShow MoreRelatedUpcomng Advances in 3D Printing1205 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction [271] 3D printing is a means of revolutionising almost any and all aspects of life. The potential to bringing into the physical world anything that can be conceived in the mind (and created on a computer) brings a myriad of variety ; expanding markets and capabilities, whether new or improving products and processes that are already in practice. 3D printers are falling in price as the technology improves and the want for them increases making the ability to create anything domesticallyRead MoreUsing 3 D Printer Is Waste Reduction1576 Words   |  7 Pages Introduction 3D printer is just like common printer but its objective is to print three-dimensional objects. The printer uses a digital file called CAD which consists of virtual design on different models, each model CAD file has all the information on size, shape and color of the object one wants to print. Then someone tell the computer to â€Å"slices† the final design into thousands of horizontal layers. Once the slice file is uploaded in a 3D printer, the printer follows the computer instructionRead MoreExcel: Spreadsheet and Instructor Explanation7406 Words   |  30 Pagesfollowing examples would be the BEST reason to create a macro? |    | Your Answer: |   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   | | You want to  insert a link to a Web page in a worksheet you are creating. | |   Ã‚  Ã‚   |   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   | | You change the print orientation and margins prior to printing every time the workbook is used. | |   Ã‚  Ã‚  CORRECT ANSWER |   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   | | You want to  list the contents of a specific workbook. | |   Ã‚  Ã‚  INCORRECT |   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   | | You want to copy a chart you have created into a Word document that you are providing

Law VRS Pty Ltd.

Question: Discuss about the Law for VRS Pty Ltd. Answer: Name and Purpose of the Company The name of the company to which this Constitution applies is a proprietary company named VRS Pty Limited. The basic purpose of starting this company is to make the dealing in the selling of retail objects in the market of Australia. Internal Management of the VRS Pty Ltd Company Like the other companies, the internal management of the VRS Pty Ltd is to be administered by the rules that are provided in the Corporations Act of 2001. The provisions of the Corporations Act are incorporated in the Constitution as the replaceable rules. The provisions of the Corporations Act of 2001 apply to the VRS Company through the instrument of this Constitution and the replaceable rules. Therefore, both the Constitution and the replaceable rules will together act in administering the internal management of the Company. The rules regarding the internal management of any Company is stated in Section 135 of the Corporations Act of 2001. This Constitution through the application of the said section makes it express and clear that it has the authority and the powers to make the alterations and changes in the replaceable rules that follow a procedure that is stipulated and fixed. The Section also makes it clear that in case the replaceable rules are violated in some form, that sha ll not be deemed as the violation of the provisions of the Corporations Act of 2001. Directors The Company in accordance with prescribed rules in the Corporations Act of 2001 regarding the appointment of directors shall make the appointment of the director. Till then the director is an appointment of the director of the Company, Mr. X shall act as the director and shall maintain and administer the internal management of the Company. Shares The Company has made the resolution through this Constitution to make the issue of the shares and that too in accordance to the rules of the issue of shares that is stated in the Corporations Act of 2001. The authority of the Company to make the issue of the shares is provided in Section 124 of the Corporations Act of 2001. The said authority makes the inclusion of the right of the Company to make the issue of the bonus shares, partly paid shares and the preference shares. The term bonus shares refer to those shares, for the issue of which there is no amount of consideration amount that is charged by the Company. The company gives the holders of the bonus shares the incentive. However, the rule that is incorporated in the Corporations Act of 2001 states that any company is permitted to make the issue of the preference shares only at that time when the rights of the preference share holders are stated in clear terms in the Constitution and the same is approved by any special resolutio n. But, if any company makes the wish to issue preference shares that are redeemable, then the rights of the shareholders of the same type of shares are to be mentioned in the Constitution of any company. The rights of the redeemable preference shares are as follows: The right to get the repayment of the capital The participation in the extra assets and profits The right to the non-cumulative and cumulative dividends The rights to get the priority in the payment of the dividends that are related with the other shares or the other class of preference shares. Signed: .. Signed: Signature of the Director: .. Dated: . 1. The Corporation Act 2001 in Australia makes rules and regulations, which every company operative in Australia has to comply with, and is the primary statute to govern the business law in Australia. Section 124 of the Corporation Act 2001 discusses the legal capacity and the powers, which the Corporation Act 2001 gives a company in Australia. The section states that a company has a legal capacity of an individual in and outside jurisdiction. Thus, the section was introduced to give a company in Australia the rights, freedoms and liberties which a living person enjoys and makes the company separate and distinct from its directors, managers and employees. The primary objective of entrusting a separate legal entity to a company was to permit the company to perform individual tasks, which every person is allowed to perform like entering into contracts, being sued, or suing. Another advantage of the said feature is that it minimizes the risks from the top management of the company for b eing sued as giving an individual legal capacity to a company; a company can be sued itself (Cummings 2012). Additionally, a company has powers, which a body cooperate possess which includes powers like:- Grant and cancel company shares Issue debentures and issue options for unissued shares Grant security interest in shares which are uncalled Arrange company to be registered as a body corporate and perform other legal tasks The section 124 of the Corporation Act 2001 also states that a company which is limited with guarantee cannot ever issue shares. Thus, with the grant of separate legal capacity to a company, the Corporation Act 2001 makes a company in Australia like an artificial person who has most of the rights, liberties and freedom of a natural person along with the entrusting it the powers of a body corporate (Lowry 2012). However, the section clearly states that the said section does not allow the company to engage in any activity which is illegal or prohibited by the statute and law in Australia. Section 129 of the Corporation Act 2001 is related to section 128 of the Corporation Act 2001. Thus, to understand section 129 of the Corporation Act, it is first important to discuss section 128 of the Corporation Act 2001. The section 128 of the Corporation Act 2001 states that an individual is permitted or entitled to make certain assumptions when hes dealing with a company in Australia (Graw 2012). Section 129 of the Corporation Act 2001 gives the list of all such assumptions which an individual is allowed to make while he deals with a company in Australia. Thus, under section 129 of the Corporation Act 2001, a person dealing with a company can assume that the company has followed its constitution along with the rules in the Corporation Act 2001 which are applicable to a company in form of replaceable rules in their internal management. The said section was created to protect an outsider who is dealing with a company and may not have any way to find out about the internal managem ent of the company, thus he is allowed to assume that the company has complied with all the regulations in its internal management (Latimer 2012). These assumptions include compliance with constitution and the replaceable rules are always followed by a company and in accordance with section 129(1) of the Corporation Act 2001. The said section was adopted to introduce the doctrine of indoor management in the Corporation Act 2001. Section 588 M of the Corporation Act 2001 talks about recovery of compensation for loss resulting from insolvent trading by the company. The said section is a punishment or consequences of section 588G which makes it a duty of a director to prevent a company from engaging in insolvent trading. Apart from the director duties mentioned under section 180-184 of the Corporation Act, section 588G puts an additional duty on director of a company to refrain from trading if the company is insolvent (Lowry 2012). Thus, if a director breaches the said duty under section 588G, he is liable for the same and the liability is mentioned in section 588M. Thus, section 588M of the Corporation Act 2001 states that if a director engages in insolvent trading he is liable to pay creditors of the company, if they have suffered any loss due to insolvent trading. The recovery of this amount can be collected in the form of debt from the directors. The objective of this section was to refrain the directors of a company from engaging into trading if the company is insolvent and be personally liable if they breach the said duty (Vasudev and Watson 2012). Reference List Cummings, B., 2012. Benefit corporations: How to enforce a mandate to promote the public interest.Columbia Law Review, pp.578-627. Graw, S., 2012. An introduction to the law of contract. Latimer, P., 2012.Australian Business Law 2012. CCH Australia Limited. Lowry, J., 2012. The Irreducible Core of the Duty of Care, Skill and Diligence of Company Directors: Australian Securities and Investments Commission v Healey.The Modern Law Review,75(2), pp.249-260. Lowry, J., 2012. The Irreducible Core of the Duty of Care, Skill and Diligence of Company Directors: Australian Securities and Investments Commission v Healey.The Modern Law Review,75(2), pp.249-260. Vasudev, P.M. and Watson, S. eds., 2012.Corporate governance after the financial crisis. Edward Elgar Publishing.

Police corruption free essay sample

Police corruption and citizen complaints relative to ethnicity. To begin, police corruption is a very complicated issue to deal with from all angles. From the perspective of most law enforcement agencies these ordeals are not easy to deal with. Corruption only has one side and that is internal with an external persuasion, meaning that there may be a top notch officer who believes in everything good and has exceptional morals but being around individuals who have the power to erasure you to do wrong doings tends to occurs a lot in law enforcement.Citizens have to remember that these men and women come from all walks of life whether its suburban or coming from the ghetto they are all human despite race, social background and gender. In certain areas of law enforcement you have sectors within the organization where peace officers have formed cliques, or even gangs within the agency. We will write a custom essay sample on Police corruption or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page To most this may be looked at as a conundrum because they have these gangs within an agency where they are sworn to protect against certain entities.Corruption is defined as something immoral or unethical or acting a specific way for personal gain; also officers indulge in activities in which they are supposed to prevent. To put it simply it means abuse of police authority whether it happens once or numerous times it is still unethical. A couple examples of police corruption are: Corruption of authority: when police officers receiving free something that they are not legal.Kickbacks: A kickback is a sum of money that is paid to someone illegally, or example money paid to an agent by a company because the agent can arrange for the company to be chosen to do an important Job. Shakedowns: agree to get bribes for not pursuing a criminal violation. Protection: where officers allow illegal activity to ensure profit and power. All of the above are definitely unethical and shouldnt be allowed in any agency whether its local , state , or federal.

Typical Course of Study for 9th-Grade

Typical Course of Study for 9th-Grade Ninth grade is an exciting time for most teens. The beginning of the high school years marks the culmination of their primary education, and the  course requirements for high school students  begin their preparation  to enter college or the workforce after graduation. Curriculum for 9th-grade students shifts to address higher level thinking skills and autonomous study skills. In 9th grade, language arts prepares teens for effective oral and written communication. Typical courses in science include physical science and biology, while algebra is the standard for math. Social studies usually focuses on geography, world history, or U.S. history, and electives such as art become a vital part of a students  education. Language Arts A typical course of study for ninth grade language arts includes  grammar, vocabulary, literature, and composition. Students will also cover topics such as public speaking, literary analysis, citing sources, and writing reports. In 9th grade, students may also study  myths, drama, novels, short stories, and poetry. Math Algebra  I is the math course that is typically covered in 9th grade. Some students may complete  pre-algebra  or  geometry. Ninth grade students will cover topics such as real numbers,  rational and irrational numbers, integers, variables,  exponents  and powers,  scientific notation, lines, slopes, the  Pythagorean Theorem, graphing, and using equations to solve problems. They will also gain experience in reasoning skills by working through reading, writing, and solving equations, simplifying and rewriting equations to solve problems, and using graphs to solve problems. Science There is a wide range of topics that 9th-grade students can study for science. Standard high school courses include biology, physical science, life science,  earth science, and physics. Students may also take interest-led courses such as astronomy, botany, geology, marine biology, zoology, or equine science. In addition to covering standard science topics, it’s essential that students gain experience with science practices such as asking questions and forming hypotheses, designing and carrying out experiments,  organizing and interpreting data,  and evaluating and communicating results. This experience usually results from taking science courses with labs and learning to complete lab reports after each. Most colleges and universities expect high school students  to complete two or three lab sciences.  Ã‚   Two of the most common science courses for ninth grade students are biology and physical science. Physical science is the study of the natural world and includes topics such as the earth’s structure, ecology, weather,  climate, erosion, Newton’s laws of motion,  nature,  space, and astronomy. Physical science may also cover  general science principals such as  the scientific method and  simple and complex machines. Biology is the study of living organisms. Most biology courses begin with a study of the cell, the most basic component of all living things. Students will learn about cell structure, anatomy, taxonomy, genetics, human anatomy, sexual and asexual reproduction, plants, animals, and more. Social Studies As with science, there is a wide range of topics that students can study for ninth-grade social studies. Social studies encompass history, culture, people, places, and environments. Students need to gain experience with  social studies skills such as reading maps, using timelines,  critical thinking, evaluating data, problem-solving, and understanding how cultures are affected by geographic location, events, and economics. Standard high school courses for 9th-grade students include American history, world history,  ancient history, and geography. Students studying U.S. history will cover topics such as the exploration and settlement of America, Native Americans, the foundations of American democracy, the Declaration of Independence, the U. S. Constitution, taxation, citizenship, and types of government. They will also study wars such as the American Revolution and the Civil War. Ninth graders studying world history will learn about major world regions. They will learn about the patterns of migration and settlement in each, how the human population is distributed, how people adapt to their environment, and the effects of physical geography on cultures. They will also study wars such as World War I and World War II.   Geography can easily be incorporated into all history topics. Students should learn map and globe skills using a variety of map types (physical, political, topographical, etc.). Art Most high school coursework now requires art credit. Colleges and universities vary on how many elective credits they expect, but 6-8 is average. Art is  a broad topic with ample room for interest-led, elective  studies. Art studies  for ninth grade students can include visual arts such as drawing, photography, graphic design, or architecture. It can also consist of performance art such as drama, dance, or music. Art studies should allow students to develop skills such as watching or listening and responding to art, learning the vocabulary associated with the art topic being studied, and fostering creativity. It should also allow them to encounter topics such as  art history, famous artists and works of art, and  the contributions of various types of art to society and its impact on culture.

The Struggle for Democracy and Democratic Consolidation Essay

The Struggle for Democracy and Democratic Consolidation - Essay Example The essay "The Struggle for Democracy and Democratic Consolidation" analyzes the struggle for democracy and democratic consolidation and their connection to such themes as corruption, populism, divided societies, and political activism. Society makes a shift to equality, and from there, policies will be yielded by one-person-one-vote and the nation will have more supporting power and the consequential cover, crown, and feast. However, changes in political institutions do not simply happen because the people require them. Transitions to democracy typically take place when the elite controlling the active regime broaden rights. Transfer of political power to the majority mostly guides to social choices that the elite does not like. The theory of democratization is crucial in power transition from the elite to the majority citizens. Revolutions attract citizens thus leading to democracy to stop revolutions from occurring. When revolutions happen much wealth of a society may be destroyed affecting the influential and citizens. These costs force the elite to allow for concession and democratization avoiding revolutions. The power is transferred to the people who participate in decision making through participation. Divided societies exist in a democracy and democratic consolidation is due to the different social classes. Leaders use the fact of classes to appeal to the citizen. Governing institutions for societies are alienated along the lines of customs, culture, language or creed. A historic minority as well as experiences of immigration waves cause divided societies. Futile democratic transitions in plural societies frequently upshot in the bloodiest quarrels and most destructive power strives in developing nations6 today. India has a multiparty parliamentary system of government, a majoritarian first-past-the-post (FPTP) electoral system, an incredibly varied party system with some ethnic-based and some programmatic parties7. Political corruption disguises a sev ere threat to democracy and its consolidation. Corruption, either petty or otherwise has become omnipresent in Indian society and politics. It varies from the bribes that ordinary citizens give to record a statement at the police station, to shady

Artist reaserch and comparison Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Artist reaserch and comparison - Essay Example Born in 1967, and currently around 43 years of age, Tomma Abts was born in Germany but she currently lives in London, England. In fact, she has been living in London since 1995. She had a tough time during her early days since she had to jobs in telemarketing positions, which is not â€Å"her thing.† However, things have changed and for the past few years, she has been able to finance her living with her painting and art. Tomma Abts is for sure, one of most interesting and fascinating painters of the present times. As mentioned earlier that she never had any formal training. May be that explains why she does not seem to be following any traditional and pre defined rules of painting (Hoptman, Verwoert & Hainley, pp. 32-39). She has a completely different approach as compared to the other painters as if she is challenging the traditional and classical approach to painting. Beginning the painting without any pre defined objective, name, thought or approach for painting, always sticking to small paintings, (she says that all her paintings are 48 x 38 centimeters) and others show that she has some what a rebel inside her (Hoptman, Verwoert & Hainley, pp. 32-39). The upcoming section of this paper would go in the detail of her paintings while comparing it with the painting of Brice Marden. Without any doubts, Brice Marden is one of the biggest names in art industry. Born on October 15, 1938, he joined the Boston University for studying fine and applied arts in the year 1961. Moreover, his biography also shows that he holds a Master of Fine Arts degree from Yale school of arts and architecture in the year 1963. Since then, he deserves the credit of brining up a new chapter in the art history. Although he is somewhat associated with the movement of minimalism in art, which is an old movement but he has taken it to completely different and levels in his own style. This American artist is not only a member of American Academy of art and Architecture but he has

The Sinking of the Aragon Essay Example for Free

The Sinking of the Aragon Essay With the outbreak of world one war the royal mail moved its home port to Newport, South Wales. However the Brittish government was in dire need of battle ships to strengthen their naval force. Many ships were converted from simply postal delivery vessels into war ready troop carrying ships. One of these ships was the Aragon The Aragon built in harland and wolf in Belfast was 9588 tons and could carry 306 first class 66 second class and 632 third class passengers. It was launched on the 23rd of Febuary 1905. The following information was gathered from an unsigned letter written by an officer of the Aragon to a Mr.  John William Hannay the father of a VAD on board the Aragon on her way to serve in palestine and Egypt. For two weeks the Aragon laid at anchor in the shelter of the harbour at Marseilles. Every day they would await sailing orders. At last they recieved orders and the ship, set sail. It set of in company with another transporter ship called the Nile and also with an escort of destroyers. On board there was 160 nursing sisters, 150 military officers, 2200 troops and the ships own officers and crew. In total there was 2700 poeople on board the Aragon. One of these men was my great grand uncle Thomas Cassin who was an Irish man and inlisted as a British solider. Along with the thousands of people on board ready to serve there was also 2500 bags of Christmas destined for Egypt. From Marseilles they set sail to Malta in safety. However There was some fierce weather and the sea became quite heavy. Many became sick. Miss Hannay the VAD nurse being sick for just one day. They arrived at the windy bay in Malta on the 23rd of December where they remained for four days until the 27th. They spent their Christmass holidays here in safety. On the fourth day they set out to sail again still in the company of the NIle and a fresh escort of destroyers. There were three destroyers in number, two of which were Japanese and the other British. They arrived near their destination, Alexandria Egypt, on the 30th of December in the morning. The port was just becoming visible to the naked eye on the horizion. Everyone was very excited to reach shore and every vantage point on the boat was filled with eager passengers looking on ward at the port. Many had packed their luggage and were already attired for disembarkation. It was heard that many were congradulating themselves on a safe voyage. The Aragon with the British destroyer Attack was entering the channel that leads to the port. They were already past the first buoy which indicated entrance into the channel. At this point a wireless message was intercepted from trawlers in the channels that there were mines further on. The Attack, being the senior ship, imediately signalled to the Aragon to follow them as they turned seawards. The trawelers which were there to direct the ships through the channel were doing the same and retreating. The Aragon had to keep well away from the buoy that they had already passed by when entering the port. Unkown to both the Aragon and the Attack there was a German submarine lurking in the depths of the waters right beside the buoy. It was unable to fire before because of the close proximity of the ship, if they did they would have endangered their own submarine. However now that the Aragon was turning seawards, she presented a perfect target for the Germans who took full advantage. The officers of the Aragon on duty on the bridge saw the periscope of the submarine and at the next instant the wake of a torpedo which was heading straight for the ship. In a desperate effort for surrvival the passengers and crew tried to turn the ship to avoid the torpedo but this was to no avail as the ship was quite slow. The explosion was a dull crashing blast and the ship shuddered violently. An officer who was on duty at the time was covered in glass as all the windows on the boat shattered. In the next instant the ship became aware to the fact that they had all been dreading. Everyone on board was at their sations in record time, orders were obeyed with precision. The first order given was the rescue of every sister. They were lowered into the rescue boats before doing anything else. This only took a few minutes and was carried out without a hitch. The boats they got on were the best in the ship and in a position to afford greatest possible facility for getting off. The Aragon sent a call for assitance to the shore and recieved a reply within seconds. By the time the sisters ships had got clear, the ship had taken a heavy list to starboard and had sunk deep astern. It remained like this for a few minutes. The Destroyer took this time to run up along side and the remaing passengers were ordered to get off. They managed to do this by attaching ropes from the Aragon to the Destoryer Attack. On other parts of the ship troops were ordered to take water as the rafts were let loose. In just moments the sea was full of struggling men. Many of the officers and troops were trying to get the remaining life boats into the water but they had become jammed by the list. The crew could now feel her sinking fast. It had become impossible to stand upon the deck. It was about fifteen minutes after the inicial explosion. The commander gave the order every man for himself! . There was a rush to get over the side of the boat but nowhere was there any sign of panic. The discipline was astounding as the troops clung on to each other, singing and cheering until they reached the water level. Then they broke into struggling masses. Then it was heard shes going and the Aragon began to sink rapidly astern. The Destroyer was still at rescue work but only one rope remained. One officer was trying to cross when they finally cut the remaining rope. He was thrown into the water between the two ships. He sank like a stone because his full uniform restricted him to swim. However he still managed to get to the surface and make his way onto the Destroyer. The Attack was full of both injured and dying. The Aragon was sinking rapidly, one could hear a roar of rushing water and smashing of internal fittings. Dozens of men still clung to the decks and at the last moment jumping into the water rather than be sucked under along with the ship. Many of their efforts for survial were futile as with the height that the bow had been raised because the ship had turned whilst it was sinking, they died on impact with the water. With a great surge, a roar of rushing water and the explosion of the ships boilers the Aragon was no more and it went beneath the surface. There was now silence over the men. The place where the ship once was, was now replaced by struggling men clinging to upturned boats and wreckage. The Destroyer was now alive with activity. As they attempted to move ahead to the safety of the harbour with all their injured on board, one man shouted and screamed and next instant there was a terrible explosion. The Destroyer was hit by another torpedo. The middle of the Destroyer had been smashed sending men flying into the air. OIl, fumes, splinters of wood and steel were sent in every direction. She broke into two halves and began to sink immedietly. Both the bow and the stern rising into the air as the middle(wher the torpedo hit) sank rapidly. Everyone jumped for the water. It was chaos around the remains of the destroyer. The only hope left for survival was two trawlers which were near at hand. Except for the trawlers the only rescue boats were the rafts from the Aragon which were already on their way to shore. Only wreckage and struggling men remained in the water, everything else had disappeared. However the rafts did an ecellent job, bringing hundreads to the trawlers near by. Other trawlers became visable on the horizon as the rushed at full speed towars the wreckage. However as the port was 80 miles away it took them some time to arrive and many men perished in this time. The temperature of the water was very cold and this contributed to some of the deaths. It took the trawlers an hour to reach the men but without them few would have survived. The VAD sisters who were the first to leave the Aragon arrived on shore at arround 2:30pm. It wasnt untill 4:30pm when the trawlers with the wounded and survivours arrived. The people on the shore were ready for them when they arrived and the wounded were rushed to hospital. In conclusion the Aragon was torpedoed 8 miles from Alexandria Egypt at 11am on Sunday December 30th 1917 and sank in twenty minutes. The escort for the Aragon the British Destroyer The Attack was also torpedoed about 5 minutes later. It took between 5 to 7 minutes to sink. The other transport ship The Nile with two Japanese destroyer escorts left the Aragon at day break, the day of the attack. They also came under submarine attack but managed to reach their destination safely. My great uncle unfortunately perished that day. It was hard for an Irish man to join the Brittish army. I imagine he would have recieved a lot of criticism for doing so, but he did what he thought was right. He fought with the allies and aggainst evil and for that my family is very proud of him.

The Bonesetter’s Daughter Essay -- English Literature:

Bones constitute on important part in The Bonesetter’s Daughter. What is the significance of the book’s title? â€Å"The Bonesetter’s Daughter† in my opinion holds a deeper meaning as a title. Amy Tan could have called the book â€Å"Precious Auntie† or â€Å"Liu Xing Gu† if you directly translate the bonesetter’s daughter. Why did Amy Tan choose this title? These three words must contain some deeper meaning and therefore we should not judge the title at face value. The first thing that we should look at is what these three words are signifying. They are putting emphasis on the bonesetter by saying that this book is about His daughter. Tan could have paraphrased the title into â€Å"The Daughter of the Bonesetter† This means that there must be some importance laid on this bonesetter. The term â€Å"daughter of the famous bonesetter† is only used a few times within the contents. Amy Tan wanted to accentuate two bits of information. One of those words is daughter. Since most of the book is mostly feminine based, it should, naturally, have a more feminine title. Before reading the book we are told that this story is about a girl or a woman and perhaps her father. However, we are not told about the bonesetter’s daughter until page 155. This is telling us something. We thought that the main character in this book had to be the bonesetter’s daughter. We now find out that this is perhaps not so and that it will be difficult to pin point the main character in this book. The main difficulty is within the fact that this book has no immediate plot. It is more of a mixture between psychological drama and the autobiography of a woman. Nobody can summarize the book effectively within one sentence. The story is far too intricate. This is exact... ...ere used as a way to speak to the gods and ask them questions whose answers could be read from the cracks which appeared on the rocks. Bones are a very important part of the Chinese culture and are used for a holy purpose. Naturally, this again links to the curse that this family is haunted by. If bones really hold that much power over people by being able to communicate with the gods, then if they are misused and disturbed like the way the Gu family did, they can therefore be able to curse them. The curse has grown in importance for LuLing ever since she has realized why it has followed them and what kind of disasters it may lead to. Precious Auntie is the key link between the bonesetter and LuLing and Ruth. She is also the one who suffered most from this curse. This is why she is such an important character. This is why she forms the title of this book.

Terrorism

1. Philosohies and rules of war dictate that it is both sound and practical that groups with the same opponent and the same schema forge alliances or common supportive coexistence, and there is a very high probability that that dogma would be followed, considering the fact that terror group leaders are learned men. But the question of having the same agenda is putting terrorism in a very general and pop culture perspective since the truth is that these types of militant extremists have, at some level, varying aims and goals. But another important point is the fact that these different groups can be brought together to act as one unit in a full scale operation. The best example of this tendency is the 9/11 bombing, described by the FBI a few days after the incident as a handiwork of an alliance of terrorists. 2. The pall of gloom that terrorism brought not just in the US but around the world is not just the threat to life, but as well as the threat to liberty. Because of the growing manhunt for suspected terrorists and the increased drive to take the upper hand and identify terrorists even before they can accomplish their missions, some elements of the law enforcement agencies are willing to overstep their boundaries marked by the exercise of individuals of their most basic human right, ready to trespass the domain of private communication with the use of many and all technologies available, including the Internet. Terror groups also found the use of Internet for their cause – ransom demands are telecast via video streaming while home made and improvised bombs know-how is just a few mouse clicks away. For this new problem, the solution may lie in old practices – kill the head of the serpent and the body ceases to be dangerous. The Internet should not be the target, as US knows it cannot afford to start a new war – even in cyberspace. 3. Michael Hamm reported that motor vehicle violations, counterfeiting, smuggling weapons of mass destruction and armed bank robbery, are several criminal acts terrorist participate in. The most common criminal action that terrorists do is the falsification of documents and forgery. Almost every terrorist who entered the country carries a false identification. This criminal act is very crucial in the operation of terrorist cells in the country since the first and most important part of a terrorist mission is the entry of a terrorist in a country or place wherein the terrorist action would take place. This is the reason why border officials are consistently monitoring the many entry and exit points of the country. 4. The most significant findings and information contained in the Hamm report is the moving away of the image of the mythical militant extremists to purely purist forms of terrorism from the true terrorists which is much less now conformed in the mold of idealist / hero into nothing more than a common criminal. The implications for the criminal justice system of this newfound knowledge consist of the possible responsibility law enforcement and criminal justice elements when it comes to profiling active and prospective terrorists by investigating the offenses for they are in trial for. Hamm concluded how a certain set of criminal acts bend towards particular groups as its identifiable crime suspects and this newfound information can be utilized as another efficient tool to battle terrorism. 5. Both international and domestic terrorism presents a clear and urgent threat to the US, simply because a threat to even one single life is an important issue to the US government, or to any government for that matter. Domestic and international terrorism may have many similarities and differences which include M.O. (method of operation), financing, training, orientation, goals, aims and motivation, strength in numbers, leadership hierarchy. Intelligence network and arms and ammunitions supplies, terrorism still wears the same face and the government's efforts to counter it do not diminish based on the type of terror group it faces. Terrorism and the government's fight against it is a microcosm of the proverbial battle of good versus evil; the truth is that there will always be a group of people who will try to use force and intimidation to achieve there cause. Terrorists might have a different name in the future, and the government which the people created is always tasked to battle a constant threat to life presented by another man as a result of differences in ideology. References: Hamm, M. S. (2005). Crimes Committed by Terrorist Groups: Theory, Research and Prevention. US Department of Justice. Retrieved October 10, 2007, from http://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/211203.pdf Schmid, A. (2005). Links between Terrorism and Drug Trafficking: A Case of â€Å"Narco terrorism†. Retrieved October 10, 2007. Sisk, R. and Smith, G. B. (2001). Feds Have Names Of 19 In Dark Alliance. The New York Daily News. Retrieved October 10, 2007, from http://www.fromthewilderness.com/timeline/2001/nydailynews091501.html             Terrorism Assignment 2. â€Å"Prepare a written briefing for a Board (you can choose any company real or imaginary) explaining why they should increase or decrease their security in relation to the threat of terrorism. † BRIEFING ON THE THREAT OF TERRORISM POSED TOWARDS TELECOMS ORGANISATIONS OPERATING IN AFRICA Purpose: The purpose of this briefing note is to present an overview of terrorist threats within Africa, spesifically towards the Vodacom organisation operating in the Democtratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and to make recommendations on how to mitigate the risk.Background: Terrorism: â€Å"the United Nations General Assembly has condemned terrorist acts using the following political description of terrorism: â€Å"Criminal acts intended or calculated to provoke a state of terror in the general public, a group of persons or particular persons for political purposes are in any circumstance unjustifiable, whatever the considerations of a political, philosophical, ideological, racia l, ethnic, religious or any other nature that may be invoked to justify them. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Definitions_of_terrorism Terrorism has become a global threat and is not just confined to the theatre of war, it is also not only targeted at nations involved in those conflicts like the United States (9/11) and Great Britain (the July 7 London Bombings) but also with any nation and organization that is seen as an ally of such nations.ESICS Briefing on THE TERRORISM THREAT LINKED TO THE LIBYAN CRISIS states â€Å"obviously on the top of the list of likely targets for Colonel Gaddafi are the United Kingdom and France, they are closely followed by the United States (an old and usual enemy of Libya but also by the Arab countries taking part in the coalition, every single national participating in the operations could be seen as a legitimate target. † In stating this the point that I am making is, although Vodacom is a South African operation, we must take into conciderati on that Vodafone, a British entity is our major hareholder and the building where our head office is located, Building Gulf Oil is an American institution. Thus it would be a grave mistake to make the assumption that the company cannot be seen as a target of militant action and sensationalism. Current Situation: STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENT Emerging Terrorist Networks â€Å"As al-Qaeda has syndicated its ideology and violence, its affiliates and adherents in Africa and the Arabian Peninsula have become increasingly networked and adaptable in their recruiting, training, financing, and operations.Violent extremist organizations, insurgents, and criminal organizations are exploiting weak governance and under-governed spaces, and remain determined to harm the United States, our partners and Allies, and innocent civilians. † General Carter Ham, USA Commander, USA Africa Command in his address to the Senate of Armed Services Committee, 2 March 2013(sic). Terrorist organisations are operat ing in numerous African countries now including but not limited to: Country| Active Terrorist Networks (only major listed)|Cameroon| Al Qaeda – Movement for Democracy and Development (MDD)| Chad| Al Qaeda – Movement for Democracy and Justice in Chad (MDJC) +2| Egypt| Al Qaeda + 11| Eritrea| Al Qaeda – Eritrean Islamic Jihad Movement (EIJH)| Ethiopia| Al Qaeda – Ethiopian Islamic Jihad Movement (EIJH) + 6| Kenya| Al Qaeda – Al Shabaab| Libya| Al Qaeda – Libyan Islamic Fighting Group (LIFG)| Morocco| Al Qaeda – Moroccan Combatant Islamic Group (MCIG)| Nigeria| Al Qaeda – Boko Haram| Somalia| Al Qaeda – Al-Shabaab| Sudan | Al Qaeda – Sudan People Liberation Army (SPLA) – Hezbollah| Syria| Al Qaeda – Al Nusra| Tanzania| Al Qaeda – People Liberation Party|Zambia| Riyadus-Salikhin Reconnaissance – Al Nusra| Source: http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Terrorism and www. crimicweb. org â€Å"The Ho rn of Africa is Africa’s bridge to the Middle East. That fact explains much about the complex interrelationships between differing Islamic cultures within Africa, from east to west. † (John Harbeson, The War on Terrorism in Africa; Princeton N. Lyman from Africa in World Politics p7) Vodacom Congo has up till now not considered terrorism to be a significant threat to business operations but rather conventional security threats as in fire, arson, bomb threats and armed robbery to name but a few.Recommendations: The risk management department recommends that the company review all emergency response, disaster recovery and business continuity protocols. Establishing contingency plans is suggested; general training for all employees would result in more efficient response should an emergency occur and is highly recommended. It is imperative that all security measures are reevaluated and a gap analysis be conducted. Recommended areas where improvements are needed: * Access a nd egress control policies should be enforced for effective visitor control and especially with vehicles entering premises and deliveries of parcels. Do an assessment of all CCTV and monitoring services and place additional cameras where needed. * At the moment the local security service provider is ill equipped, there are no personal body scanners available at the building entrances. * There is no equipment available to search vehicles, i. e. stemmed mirrors etc. * Retraining of security personnel, the security officers have not been trained on what to look for and how to search vehicles and people properly. * General housekeeping, rubbish collection and building perimeters. (Security Management Bulletin no: 6.Countermeasures of threats of terrorist action) Training for these officers should focus on the following types of terrorist attack: * Person borne IED (improvised explosive device) * Vehicle borne IED * Bombs directed against property and infrastructure, delivered in trucks, vehicles, packages, briefcases, laptop bags and also in postal items * Fire bombs using chemicals and incendiaries * Improvised mortar attacks * Riots and civil disturbance * Kidnapping for ransom and extortion * Armed robbery, fraud and credit card fraud for financing purposes * Assassination of key figures Security Management Bulletin no: 6. Countermeasures of threats of terrorist action) In a nutshell the security department should do a threat analysis and identify areas where the terrorist would want to: * Penetrate * Avoid * Exploit * Attack Jason A, 16 April 2013, Boston Marathon Bombings, in his briefing after the bombings, also suggest that it should be noted that due to the recent attacks in Boston, that security at airports across the United States and Great Britain has increased substantially. Business travelers are advised to allow extra time to get to the ticket counters and to their gates.There are long queues at the check-in counter and the duration of the security p rocess has increased due to additional random bag searches. Hotel security has increased as well; travelers are advised to adhere to corporate security policies as well as local policies. In saying that if employees travel to the United States or the United Kingdom for the purpose of visiting Vodacom’s parent company or any other business travel, it is advised to monitor local media for additional security measures. This will also apply to the other countries mentioned where known terrorist cells are operating. ConclusionA school of thought that postulates â€Å"as major disasters never occur at a time or in a manner that may be anticipated, pre-catastrophe planning is futile† is a gross abdication of reponsibilty and cannot be supported. (Security Management bulletin 5. Disaster Planning) Vodacom Congo has clear ties with the United Kingdom due to alliances and shareholding agreements, Vodacom’s offices are located in a building owned by an American entity and the building is shared by Chevron Oil which is an American owned company, it would therefore be foolish not to recognize the direct threat to the company, it’s employees and assets. It would be surprising if many businesses and orginisations could avoid the consequences of terrorism at some time in their existance†. (Security management Bulletin 5. Disaster Planning) It is therefore imperative that urgent security focus is placed on the threat that terrorism poses to the company and its operations, large walk in customer care areas are prime targets where lots of people gather. A balance of security measure are very important to maintain a vigilant level of protection without creating too much discomfort to the employees, visitors, business partners and customers.References Martin Gill, The Handbook of Security. 2006 The Security Institute. Security Management Bulletin 5. Emergency Procedures – Major Disasters. Rachel Briggs, R. and Edwards, C. The business of re silience. DEMOS 2006 The Security Institute. Security Management Bulletin No: 6. Countermeasures to threats of terrorist action. John Harbeson, The War on Terrorism in Africa; Princeton N. Lyman from Africa in World Politics p7 Human Rights Watch: In the name of security, www. hrw. org Wikipedia Website: http://en. ikipedia. org/wiki/Terrorism Michael Burleigh; Al-Qaeda and a Decade of Terror Andre Burstin; European Strategic Intelligence and Security Center (ESISC), Boko Haram and the Risk of Terrorism in Northern Cameroon; 01 April 2012 Claude Moniquet, European Strategic Intelligence and Security Center (ESISC), The Terrorist Threat Linked to the Libyan Crisis. 2011 Jason A; Boston Marathon Bombing, Aon Crisis Management Consulting/ Global Risk Consulting. p4 Subscriber Journal, 16 April 2013 Terrorism Assignment 2. â€Å"Prepare a written briefing for a Board (you can choose any company real or imaginary) explaining why they should increase or decrease their security in relation to the threat of terrorism. † BRIEFING ON THE THREAT OF TERRORISM POSED TOWARDS TELECOMS ORGANISATIONS OPERATING IN AFRICA Purpose: The purpose of this briefing note is to present an overview of terrorist threats within Africa, spesifically towards the Vodacom organisation operating in the Democtratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and to make recommendations on how to mitigate the risk.Background: Terrorism: â€Å"the United Nations General Assembly has condemned terrorist acts using the following political description of terrorism: â€Å"Criminal acts intended or calculated to provoke a state of terror in the general public, a group of persons or particular persons for political purposes are in any circumstance unjustifiable, whatever the considerations of a political, philosophical, ideological, racia l, ethnic, religious or any other nature that may be invoked to justify them. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Definitions_of_terrorism Terrorism has become a global threat and is not just confined to the theatre of war, it is also not only targeted at nations involved in those conflicts like the United States (9/11) and Great Britain (the July 7 London Bombings) but also with any nation and organization that is seen as an ally of such nations.ESICS Briefing on THE TERRORISM THREAT LINKED TO THE LIBYAN CRISIS states â€Å"obviously on the top of the list of likely targets for Colonel Gaddafi are the United Kingdom and France, they are closely followed by the United States (an old and usual enemy of Libya but also by the Arab countries taking part in the coalition, every single national participating in the operations could be seen as a legitimate target. † In stating this the point that I am making is, although Vodacom is a South African operation, we must take into conciderati on that Vodafone, a British entity is our major hareholder and the building where our head office is located, Building Gulf Oil is an American institution. Thus it would be a grave mistake to make the assumption that the company cannot be seen as a target of militant action and sensationalism. Current Situation: STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENT Emerging Terrorist Networks â€Å"As al-Qaeda has syndicated its ideology and violence, its affiliates and adherents in Africa and the Arabian Peninsula have become increasingly networked and adaptable in their recruiting, training, financing, and operations.Violent extremist organizations, insurgents, and criminal organizations are exploiting weak governance and under-governed spaces, and remain determined to harm the United States, our partners and Allies, and innocent civilians. † General Carter Ham, USA Commander, USA Africa Command in his address to the Senate of Armed Services Committee, 2 March 2013(sic). Terrorist organisations are operat ing in numerous African countries now including but not limited to: Country| Active Terrorist Networks (only major listed)|Cameroon| Al Qaeda – Movement for Democracy and Development (MDD)| Chad| Al Qaeda – Movement for Democracy and Justice in Chad (MDJC) +2| Egypt| Al Qaeda + 11| Eritrea| Al Qaeda – Eritrean Islamic Jihad Movement (EIJH)| Ethiopia| Al Qaeda – Ethiopian Islamic Jihad Movement (EIJH) + 6| Kenya| Al Qaeda – Al Shabaab| Libya| Al Qaeda – Libyan Islamic Fighting Group (LIFG)| Morocco| Al Qaeda – Moroccan Combatant Islamic Group (MCIG)| Nigeria| Al Qaeda – Boko Haram| Somalia| Al Qaeda – Al-Shabaab| Sudan | Al Qaeda – Sudan People Liberation Army (SPLA) – Hezbollah| Syria| Al Qaeda – Al Nusra| Tanzania| Al Qaeda – People Liberation Party|Zambia| Riyadus-Salikhin Reconnaissance – Al Nusra| Source: http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Terrorism and www. crimicweb. org â€Å"The Ho rn of Africa is Africa’s bridge to the Middle East. That fact explains much about the complex interrelationships between differing Islamic cultures within Africa, from east to west. † (John Harbeson, The War on Terrorism in Africa; Princeton N. Lyman from Africa in World Politics p7) Vodacom Congo has up till now not considered terrorism to be a significant threat to business operations but rather conventional security threats as in fire, arson, bomb threats and armed robbery to name but a few.Recommendations: The risk management department recommends that the company review all emergency response, disaster recovery and business continuity protocols. Establishing contingency plans is suggested; general training for all employees would result in more efficient response should an emergency occur and is highly recommended. It is imperative that all security measures are reevaluated and a gap analysis be conducted. Recommended areas where improvements are needed: * Access a nd egress control policies should be enforced for effective visitor control and especially with vehicles entering premises and deliveries of parcels. Do an assessment of all CCTV and monitoring services and place additional cameras where needed. * At the moment the local security service provider is ill equipped, there are no personal body scanners available at the building entrances. * There is no equipment available to search vehicles, i. e. stemmed mirrors etc. * Retraining of security personnel, the security officers have not been trained on what to look for and how to search vehicles and people properly. * General housekeeping, rubbish collection and building perimeters. (Security Management Bulletin no: 6.Countermeasures of threats of terrorist action) Training for these officers should focus on the following types of terrorist attack: * Person borne IED (improvised explosive device) * Vehicle borne IED * Bombs directed against property and infrastructure, delivered in trucks, vehicles, packages, briefcases, laptop bags and also in postal items * Fire bombs using chemicals and incendiaries * Improvised mortar attacks * Riots and civil disturbance * Kidnapping for ransom and extortion * Armed robbery, fraud and credit card fraud for financing purposes * Assassination of key figures Security Management Bulletin no: 6. Countermeasures of threats of terrorist action) In a nutshell the security department should do a threat analysis and identify areas where the terrorist would want to: * Penetrate * Avoid * Exploit * Attack Jason A, 16 April 2013, Boston Marathon Bombings, in his briefing after the bombings, also suggest that it should be noted that due to the recent attacks in Boston, that security at airports across the United States and Great Britain has increased substantially. Business travelers are advised to allow extra time to get to the ticket counters and to their gates.There are long queues at the check-in counter and the duration of the security p rocess has increased due to additional random bag searches. Hotel security has increased as well; travelers are advised to adhere to corporate security policies as well as local policies. In saying that if employees travel to the United States or the United Kingdom for the purpose of visiting Vodacom’s parent company or any other business travel, it is advised to monitor local media for additional security measures. This will also apply to the other countries mentioned where known terrorist cells are operating. ConclusionA school of thought that postulates â€Å"as major disasters never occur at a time or in a manner that may be anticipated, pre-catastrophe planning is futile† is a gross abdication of reponsibilty and cannot be supported. (Security Management bulletin 5. Disaster Planning) Vodacom Congo has clear ties with the United Kingdom due to alliances and shareholding agreements, Vodacom’s offices are located in a building owned by an American entity and the building is shared by Chevron Oil which is an American owned company, it would therefore be foolish not to recognize the direct threat to the company, it’s employees and assets. It would be surprising if many businesses and orginisations could avoid the consequences of terrorism at some time in their existance†. (Security management Bulletin 5. Disaster Planning) It is therefore imperative that urgent security focus is placed on the threat that terrorism poses to the company and its operations, large walk in customer care areas are prime targets where lots of people gather. A balance of security measure are very important to maintain a vigilant level of protection without creating too much discomfort to the employees, visitors, business partners and customers.References Martin Gill, The Handbook of Security. 2006 The Security Institute. Security Management Bulletin 5. Emergency Procedures – Major Disasters. Rachel Briggs, R. and Edwards, C. The business of re silience. DEMOS 2006 The Security Institute. Security Management Bulletin No: 6. Countermeasures to threats of terrorist action. John Harbeson, The War on Terrorism in Africa; Princeton N. Lyman from Africa in World Politics p7 Human Rights Watch: In the name of security, www. hrw. org Wikipedia Website: http://en. ikipedia. org/wiki/Terrorism Michael Burleigh; Al-Qaeda and a Decade of Terror Andre Burstin; European Strategic Intelligence and Security Center (ESISC), Boko Haram and the Risk of Terrorism in Northern Cameroon; 01 April 2012 Claude Moniquet, European Strategic Intelligence and Security Center (ESISC), The Terrorist Threat Linked to the Libyan Crisis. 2011 Jason A; Boston Marathon Bombing, Aon Crisis Management Consulting/ Global Risk Consulting. p4 Subscriber Journal, 16 April 2013

The Three Philosophies Of Thomas Hobbes - 1267 Words

The three philosophies of Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and Karl Marx are all very different from each other, but they all share the same intention of benefiting the people within society based off different methods of ruling, viewpoints, and different social contracts. These different methods were based off different viewpoints of human nature and what each philosopher believed the role of the government was. Seventeenth-Century thinker, Thomas Hobbes thought that all people were naturally cruel, greedy, ruthless and that the people will oppress and harm one another if they are not put under control. Due to this view, Hobbes believes that the role of the government is to ensure order and urge obedience among all, which lead to the conclusion†¦show more content†¦This is because Locke thought the role of government was to protect the people’s natural rights, and if it failed to do so, the people had the right to de-establish the government. Locke’s intentions was definitely to benefit the people in his society, since their natural rights were constantly violated under an absolute monarchy. It was time for change, and Locke’s philosophy was the path that could successfully achieve this change. Many centuries later in the 1840’s, German thinker Karl Marx, came up with the philosophy of communism after studying his new theory of scientific socialism. Marx did not have a specific view on human nature itself, but he did on the society around him. He realized that throughout history, that there has always been a battle between social classes, primarily between the poor and the rich, where the rich controlled all means of production. His dream was that the working class would fight against the upper classes, win control over the means of production, and ultimately set up a classless society. By having this view, Marx did not promote a specific social contract for the people to follow since all it required was that the people share the means of production equally among each other, since society would be a classless system. Even though the definition of communism dramatically changed over time, Marx’s original intention was to